China\u2019s President Xi Jinping called for unity among his BRICS counterparts at a summit in South Africa on Wednesday as he pushed the case for expanding the grouping to face a global \u201cperiod of turbulence and transformation\u201d. Leaders of the bloc of leading developing nations Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa are meeting in Johannesburg with discussions around establishing a framework and criteria for admitting new members topping the agenda. While all BRICS members have publicly expressed support for growing the bloc, divisions remain over how much and how quickly. Bloc heavyweight China has long pushed for expansion and views its deteriorating relations with Washington as well as heightened global tensions resulting from the Ukraine war as adding urgency to the enlargement project. Addressing the summit of the bloc\u2019s leaders, Xi said he was glad to see that developing countries had shown great enthusiasm in participating in BRICS and many of them have applied to join. \u201cWe should let more countries join the BRICS family to pool wisdom and efforts to make global governance more just and equitable,\u201d Xi said. Xi also said the BRICS countries have agreed to launch a study group on artificial intelligence (AI) and further expand cooperation on AI, including by strengthening information exchange and technical cooperation. \u201cThe world is undergoing major shifts, division and regrouping \u2026 it has entered a new period of turbulence and transformation,\u201d Xi said. \u201cWe, the BRICS countries, should always bear in mind our founding purpose of strengthening ourselves through unity.\u201d BRICS group countries have economies that are vastly different in scale and governments that often seem to have few foreign policy goals in common, complicating decision-making. The economy of China, for example, is more than 40 times larger than South Africa\u2019s, Africa\u2019s most developed country. Russia, isolated by the United States and Europe over its invasion of Ukraine, is also pushing to quickly grow BRICS and forge it into a counterweight to the West. Russian President Vladimir Putin, who is wanted under an international arrest warrant for alleged war crimes, sees BRICS membership as a way of showing the West he still has friends. He did not travel to South Africa but used a video address to attack Western powers. \u201cI want to note that it was the desire to maintain their hegemony in the world, the desire of some countries to maintain this hegemony that led to the severe crisis in Ukraine,\u201d he said. No \u2018Tower of Babel\u2019 South Africa\u2019s President Cyril Ramaphosa said on Tuesday that he and Xi had similar positions on BRICS expansion. But pushback has come from Brazil and India, which have both forged closer ties with the West. Brazil\u2019s President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva on Tuesday rejected the idea the bloc should seek to rival the United States and the Group of Seven wealthy economies. While he is pushing for neighbour Argentina to join, he said any new members would need to meet certain conditions, so the group does not become a \u201cTower of Babel\u201d. Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi said on Wednesday his country, which is wary of Chinese dominance, fully supported expansion. However, an Indian official familiar with discussions late on Tuesday between the leaders said Modi indicated \u201cthere have to be ground rules about how it should happen and who can join\u201d. India and China periodically clash over their disputed Himalayan border. Breaking dollar dominance More than 40 countries have expressed interest in joining BRICS, say South African officials, 22 of whom have formally asked to be admitted. Details of the criteria for joining could be included in a joint declaration due to be finalised on Wednesday. Beyond the enlargement question, boosting the use of member states\u2019 local currencies in trade and financial transactions to lessen dependency on the US dollar is also on the summit agenda. South African organisers had said there would be no discussions of a common BRICS currency, an idea floated by Brazil as an alternative to dollar-dependence. At least 15 potential new member countries \u2014 including Saudi Arabia, Algeria and Argentina \u2014 are under consideration to join the bloc\u2019s New Development Bank (NDB), its chief financial officer said on Wednesday. The NDB, which has long tapped China\u2019s capital market for funding, is registering an Indian rupee bond programme worth $2.5 billion over five years after it issued its first South African rand bond last week.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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